最新嵌入式系統|常用詞匯表2

M
memory map（內存映射）
A table or diagram containing the name and address range of each peripheral addressable by the processor within the memory space. Memory maps are a helpful aid in getting to know the target.
一個在內存空間中的，包含每個外設的名字和可由處理器設置的地址范圍的表格或圖表。內存映射有助于了解目標機情況。

memory-mapped  I/O（內存映射I/O）
An increasingly common hardware design methodology in which I/O devices are placed into the memory space rather than the I/O space. From the processor"s point of view, memory-mapped I/O devices look very much like memory devices.
一種日益流行的硬件設計方法，在這種方法中，I/O設備被放置在內存空間而不是I/O空間。從處理器的觀點看，內存映射I/O設備看上去很象內存一樣。
  
memory space（內存空間）
A processor"s standard address space. Contrast with I/O space.
一個處理器的標準地址空間。相對I/O空間。

 

Microcontroller（微控制器）
A microcontroller is very similar to a microprocessor. The main difference is that a microcontroller is designed specifically for use in embedded systems Microcontrollers typically include a CPU, memory (a small amount of RAM and/or ROM), and other peripherals on the same chip. Common examples are the 8051, Intel"s 80196, and Motorola"s 68HCxx series. 
微控制器很像微處理器。主要的差別在于微控制器被特殊設計用在嵌入式系統中。微控制器典型地包括CPU、內存（很小的RAM或ROM），還有其他的外設，它們在同一塊芯片上。常見的例子是：8051、Intel80196、Motorola68HCxx系列。

 

Microprocessor（微處理器）
A piece of silicon containing a general-purpose CPU. The most common examples are Intel"s 80x86 and Motorola"s 680x0 families.
一片包含通用CPU的硅片。常見的例子是：Intel80x86、Motorola 680x0系列。

 

Monitor（監視器）
In the context of this book, a debug monitor. However, there is a second meaning for this word that is associated with intertask communication. In that context, a monitor is a language-level synchronization feature.
在這本書的上下文中，是指調試監視器。然而，第二個意思與任務間通訊相關聯。在那個上下文中，監視器是高級同步機制的特性。

 

Multiprocessing（多處理）
The use of more than one processor in a single computer system. So-called "multiprocessor systems" usually have a common memory space through which the processors can communicate and share data. In addition, some multiprocessor systems support parallel processing.
在單個的計算機系統中有多個處理器。被叫作“多處理器系統”的一般有公用的內存空間，處理器通過它們進行通訊和共享數據。另外，一些多處理器系統支持并行處理。

 

Multitasking （多任務）
The execution of multiple software routines in pseudo-parallel. Each routine represents a separate "thread of execution" and is referred to as a task. The operating system is responsible for simulating parallelism by parceling out the processor"s time.
偽并行運行的多個軟件程序。每一個程序表現得像分開的“執行的線程”并且被看作是一個任務。操作系統通過分配處理器時間來模擬并行方式。

 

Mutex（互斥）
A data structure for mutual exclusion, also known as a binary semaphore. A mutex is basically just a multitasking-aware binary flag that can be used to synchronize the activities of multiple tasks. As such, it can be used to protect critical sections of the code from interruption and shared resources from simultaneous use.
表現互斥現象的數據結構，也被當作二元信號燈。一個互斥基本上是一個多任務敏感的二元信號，它能用作同步多任務的行為，它常用作保護從中斷來的臨界段代碼并且在共享同步使用的資源。
 
mutual exclusion（互斥現象）
A guarantee of exclusive access to a shared resource. In embedded systems, the shared resource is typically a block of memory, a global variable, or a set of registers. Mutual exclusion can be achieved with the use of a semaphore or mutex.
唯一訪問共享資源的保證。在嵌入式系統中，共享的資源典型的有內存塊或寄存器組。互斥現象能由使用信號燈或互斥完成。本文由容源電子網（m.zskn.com.cn）整理提供，部分內容來源于網絡，如有侵犯到你的權利請與我們聯系更正。